Rosebud County is located in the eastern portion of the state, and contains most of the Northern Cheyenne Reservation.  Over 85% of land in Rosebud County is classified as farm land.

Overview

Population
9,063
County Size (acres)
3,205,206
Land in Farms (%)
85.3
Number of Farms
414
Median Farm Size (acres) 673
Average Farm Size (acres) 6,600

 

 

 

 

 

 
Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017 

Farm Revenue

Farm revenue (which includes the market value of products sold, government payments, and farm-related income) were $95 million while production expenses were $76 million. Government payments were 4% of farm revenues.

Market Value of Products Sold
$86,638,000
Government Payments
$3,759,000
Farm-Related Income
$4,631,000
Total Farm Production Expenses
$76,352,000
Net Farm Cash Income $18,676,000



 

 

 

Source: Census of Agriculture: Tables 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6:  2017   

Taxation

The market value of all property in Rosebud County was approximately $2 billion in 2019. The taxable
value assigned by the Montana Department of Revenue was $88 million.   Agricultural Property (as defined by Montana Department of Revenue as Class 3 Property) comprised 4% of the county's taxable value.

Property Tax Summary
2019
2014
Market Value of Property $1,987,879,869 $1,907,967,971
Taxable Value of All Property $87,717,508 $90,327,505
Taxable Value ofAgricultural Property $3,519,969 $3,604,440
Ag Taxable Value as % of All Property 4.01% 3.99%



 

 

 

Source: Montana Dept. of Rev. Montana Taxes by County in2018and Montana Taxes by County in2014  

Market Value of Crops and Livestock 

After adjusting for inflation, the market value of crops increased by 29%, while the market value of livestock increased by 58%, from 1997 to 2017.

Market Value of Crops and Livestock-Rosebud County

Sources: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017 and St. Louis Fed Producer Price Index

Crops and Livestock

Cattle (79%) and other crops and hay (11%) comprised 90% of total crop and livestock sales in 2017.


Crops and Livestock-Rosebud County

Source: Census of Agriculture:  Table 2: County Summary Highlights: 2017

Farm Size by Acres 

The percentage of smaller farms, less than 500 acres, decreased from 46% to 44%, while the percentage of larger farms, 500 acres or more, increased from 54% to 56% from 2012 to 2017.

Farm Size
by Acres
2017
2012
Number of
Farms

%
Number of
Farms

%
1 to 9
11
3
33
8
10 to 49
51
12
46
11
50 to 179
61
15
62
14
180 to 499    
60
14
62
14
500 to 999
47
11
38
9
1,000 or more
184
44
196
45
TOTAL
414
100
437
100
Source: Census of Agriculture:  Table 2: County Summary Highlights: 2017

Farm Size by Sales

The percentage of the smallest farms with less than $100,000 in sales decreased from 72% to 69%, while the percentage of the largest farms with sales of $100,000 or more increased from 28% to 31% from 2012 to 2017.

Farm Size 
by Sales
2017
2012
Number of 
Farms

%
Number of 
Farms

%
Less than 2,500
126
30
137
31
2,500 to 4,999
18
4
20
5
5,000 to 9,999
24
6
33
8
10,000 to 24,999
31
7
44
10
25,000 to 49,999
40
10
33
8
50,000 to 99,999
46
11
49
11
100,000 or more
129
31
121
28
TOTAL
414
100
437
100

Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017  

Tillage and Land Use

The percentage of farms using no till, reduced tillage or cover crops increased, while the percentage of farms using intensive tillage decreased from 2012 to 2017.

Tillage
2017
2012
Number of 
Farms

%
Number of 
Farms

%
No tillage
40
10
37
8
Reduced tillage
24
6
21
5
Intensive tillage
69
17
86
20
Cover crops
24
6
23
5
TOTAL
414
 
437
 
Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 41 Land Use Practices
 

Producer Profile 

The county producer population was younger than the Montana producer population. Thirty-six percent of county producers were under 55 years of age, while 30% were over 65 years of age. Thirty-four percent of the Montana producer population were under 55, while 36% were over 65 years of age. Sixty-one percent of producers in the county were males, while 60% of Montana producers were males. Farming was the primary occupation for 54% of county producers, while farming was the primary occupation for 50% of Montana producers.

 

Characteristics
County
State
Number of 
Producers

%
Number of 
Producers

%
Age
18 -25
1
0
570
1
25 to 34
92
12
3,285
7
35 to 44
54
7
5,179
11
45 to 54
140
18
7,309
15
55 to 64
250
32
13,838
29
65 to 74
166
21
11,469
24
75 and older
68
9
5,587
12
Gender
Male
487
61
28,563
60
Female
306
39
18,673
40
Primary Occupation
Yes
425
54
23,847
50
No
368
46
24,314
50
TOTAL PRODUCERS

793

100
48,161
100

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 45 Selected Operation and Producer Characteristics  

Top Crops by Acre

The top crops were hay and haylage, spring wheat, winter wheat, barley, peas dry edible, and safflower.

Tops Crops by Acre-Rosebud County

 Source: Census of Agriculture: Table 1: County Summary Highlights: 2017

Top Livestock

The top livestock were cattle, sheep, hogs, and poultry (chickens and turkeys).

Livestock
Number of Head
Cattle
91,559
Sheep
3,710
Chicken - Layers
697
Hogs
637
Turkeys
12

 

 

 

 

 

Source: Census of Agriculture: Tables 11 (Cattle) and 13 (Sheep) and 19 (Poultry)

Employment Impact

Agricultural production employed 807 workers, or 20% of the county’s labor force.  According to IMPLAN, economic impact model, 644 of the workers were directly employed in production agriculture.  An additional 156 workers were employed in businesses supporting agricultural production, such as feed and fertilizer dealers, and another 7 workers were employed in other related businesses, such as grocery and drugs stores. For every 10 jobs on farms and ranches, 3 additional jobs are generated in the county.

 

Impact Type
Labor Force
Impact Multipliers
County Labor Force 4,020  
Direct Impact 644
Indirect Impact 156 0.24
Induced Impact 7 0.01
Total Impact 807 0.25
Agriculture Share (%) 20  

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, www.bls.gov/#cntyaa and IMPLAN Estimates

Value Added Impacts

Farms and ranches generated $43.5 million of value-added, or 5% of the county’s total gross domestic product of $901 million in 2017.  According to IMPLAN, $33.7 million was directly contributed by farmers and ranchers.  An additional $9.1 million was generated by businesses supporting agricultural production and $0.7 million was generated by other related businesses.  Each dollar of value-added in agriculture by a farmer or rancher contributes an additional $0.29 of value-added in other sectors of the county’s economy.

 


Impact Type
Value-Added
($1 million)

Impact Multipliers
County GDP* 901.0  
Direct Impact** 33.7
Indirect Impact** 9.1 0.27
Induced Impact** 0.7 0.02
Total Impact** 43.5 0.29
Agriculture Share (%) 5  











Sources:  * St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank, ** IMPLAN Estimates  

References


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